Economics

‘It’s a Money Loser’: Tax Breaks for Data Centers Are Under Fire

Lawmakers in US states that gave up hundreds of millions in revenue are having doubts about whether the incentives pay off.

Illustration: Simon Bailly/Sepia for Bloomberg Businessweek

For years, US states have dangled tax breaks to help lure data centers, eager for the investment and jobs—and also the cachet of reeling in big-name tech companies, such as Apple, Facebook and Google. Now, in the midst of an artificial-intelligence-fueled building boom, those incentives are coming under greater scrutiny from politicians of both parties.

At issue is that these nerve centers of the digital age typically employ just a few dozen workers. To run one, all that’s needed is a skeleton crew that includes technicians, security personnel and building-control specialists, whereas a factory of similar size would have hundreds if not thousands of workers.